Re-implement Node API example in React app

* Multi-process across all CPU cores

* 📚 multi-processing w/ Node Cluster API

README.md

@@ -10,14 +10,17 @@ To deploy a frontend-only React app, use the static-site optimized
 
 ## Design Points
 
-A combo of two npm projects, the backend server and the frontend UI. So there are two `package.json` configs.
+A combo of two npm projects, the backend server and the frontend UI. So there are two `package.json` configs and thereforce [two places to run `npm` commands](#user-content-local-development):
 
-  1. [`package.json`](package.json) for [Node server](server/) & [Heroku deploy](https://devcenter.heroku.com/categories/deployment)
+  1. [**Node server**](server/): [`./package.json`](package.json)
-      * `heroku-postbuild` script compiles the webpack bundle during deploy
+      * [deployed automatically](https://devcenter.heroku.com/categories/deployment) via heroku/nodejs buildpack
-      * `cacheDirectories` includes `react-ui/node_modules/` to optimize build time
+  2. [**React UI**](react-ui/): [`react-ui/package.json`](react-ui/package.json)
-  2. [`react-ui/package.json`](react-ui/package.json) for [React web UI](react-ui/)
       * generated by [create-react-app](https://github.com/facebookincubator/create-react-app)
+      * deployed via build hooks in the Node server's [`./package.json`](package.json)
+        * module cache configured by `cacheDirectories`
+        * bundling via `heroku-postbuild` hook
 
+Includes a minimal [Node Cluster](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v8.x/api/cluster.html) [implementation](server/index.js) to parallelize the single-threaded Node process across the available CPU cores.
 
 ## Demo
 
@@ -61,10 +64,13 @@ If an app was previously deployed with [create-react-app-buildpack](https://gith
 
     ```bash
     mkdir react-ui
-    git mv [!react-ui]* react-ui/
+    git mv -k [!react-ui]* react-ui/
-    # You'll see "fatal: Not a git repository"; let's fix that error
+    mv node_modules react-ui/
+    
+    # If you see "fatal: Not a git repository", then fix that error
     mv react-ui/.git ./
     ```
+    ⚠️ *Some folks have reported problems with these commands. Using the `bash` shell will probably allow them to work. Sorry if they do not work for you, know that the point is to move **everything** in the repo into the `react-ui/` subdirectory. Except for `.git/` which should remain at the root level.* 
 1. Create a root [`package.json`](package.json), [`server/`](server/), & [`.gitignore`](.gitignore) modeled after the code in this repo
 1. Commit and deploy ♻️
   
@@ -77,7 +83,12 @@ If an app was previously deployed with [create-react-app-buildpack](https://gith
 
 ## Local Development
 
-### Run the API Server
+Because this app is made of two npm projects, there are two places to run `npm` commands:
+
+1. **Node API server** at the root `./`
+1. **React UI** in `react-ui/` directory.
+
+### Run the API server
 
 In a terminal:
 
@@ -89,6 +100,12 @@ npm install
 npm start
 ```
 
+#### Install new npm packages for Node
+
+```bash
+npm install package-name --save
+```
+
 
 ### Run the React UI
 
@@ -106,3 +123,12 @@ npm install
 # Start the server
 npm start
 ```
+
+#### Install new npm packages for React UI
+
+```bash
+# Always change directory, first
+cd react-ui/
+
+npm install package-name --save
+```

package-lock.json

@@ -2,26 +2,53 @@
   "name": "heroku-cra-node",
   "version": "1.0.0",
   "lockfileVersion": 1,
+  "requires": true,
   "dependencies": {
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-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/accepts/-/accepts-1.3.3.tgz",
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-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/array-flatten/-/array-flatten-1.1.1.tgz",
+      "resolved": "http://registry.npmjs.org/array-flatten/-/array-flatten-1.1.1.tgz",
       "integrity": "sha1-ml9pkFGx5wczKPKgCJaLZOopVdI="
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+      "integrity": "sha1-WykhmP/dVTs6DyDe0FkrlWlVyLQ=",
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+      "integrity": "sha1-0ygVQE1olpn4Wk6k+odV3ROpYEg="
+    },
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       "integrity": "sha1-DPaLud318r55YcOoUXjLhdunjLQ="
     },
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-      "version": "1.0.2",
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+      "requires": {
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@@ -54,9 +84,9 @@
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@@ -99,13 +184,13 @@
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-      "version": "1.0.3",
+      "version": "1.1.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/setprototypeof/-/setprototypeof-1.0.3.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/setprototypeof/-/setprototypeof-1.1.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha1-ZlZ+NwQ+608E2RvWWMDL77VbjgQ="
+      "integrity": "sha512-BvE/TwpZX4FXExxOxZyRGQQv651MSwmWKZGqvmPcRIjDqWub67kTKuIMx43cZZrS/cBBzwBcNDWoFxt2XEFIpQ=="
     },
     "statuses": {
-      "version": "1.3.1",
+      "version": "1.4.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/statuses/-/statuses-1.3.1.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/statuses/-/statuses-1.4.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha1-+vUbnrdKrvOzrPStX2Gr8ky3uT4="
+      "integrity": "sha512-zhSCtt8v2NDrRlPQpCNtw/heZLtfUDqxBM1udqikb/Hbk52LK4nQSwr10u77iopCW5LsyHpuXS0GnEc48mLeew=="
     },
     "type-is": {
-      "version": "1.6.15",
+      "version": "1.6.16",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/type-is/-/type-is-1.6.15.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/type-is/-/type-is-1.6.16.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha1-yrEPtJCeRByChC6v4a1kbIGARBA="
+      "integrity": "sha512-HRkVv/5qY2G6I8iab9cI7v1bOIdhm94dVjQCPFElW9W+3GeDOSHmy2EBYe4VTApuzolPcmgFTN3ftVJRKR2J9Q==",
+      "requires": {
+        "media-typer": "0.3.0",
+        "mime-types": "~2.1.18"
+      }
     },
     "unpipe": {
       "version": "1.0.0",
@@ -204,14 +345,14 @@
       "integrity": "sha1-sr9O6FFKrmFltIF4KdIbLvSZBOw="
     },
     "utils-merge": {
-      "version": "1.0.0",
+      "version": "1.0.1",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/utils-merge/-/utils-merge-1.0.0.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/utils-merge/-/utils-merge-1.0.1.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha1-ApT7kiu5N1FTVBxPcJYjHyh8ivg="
+      "integrity": "sha1-n5VxD1CiZ5R7LMwSR0HBAoQn5xM="
     },
     "vary": {
-      "version": "1.1.1",
+      "version": "1.1.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/vary/-/vary-1.1.1.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/vary/-/vary-1.1.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha1-Z1Neu2lMHVIldFeYRmUyP1h+jTc="
+      "integrity": "sha1-IpnwLG3tMNSllhsLn3RSShj2NPw="
     }
   }
 }

package.json

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
   "version": "1.0.0",
   "description": "How to use create-react-app with a custom Node API on Heroku",
   "engines": {
-    "node": "8.9.x"
+    "node": "10.x"
   },
   "scripts": {
     "start": "node server",
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
     "react-ui/node_modules"
   ],
   "dependencies": {
-    "express": "^4.14.1"
+    "express": "^4.16.4"
   },
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",

react-ui/.gitignore

@@ -1,15 +1,23 @@
-# See http://help.github.com/ignore-files/ for more about ignoring files.
+# See https://help.github.com/articles/ignoring-files/ for more about ignoring files.
 
 # dependencies
-node_modules
+/node_modules
+/.pnp
+.pnp.js
 
 # testing
-coverage
+/coverage
 
 # production
-build
+/build
 
 # misc
 .DS_Store
-.env
+.env.local
-npm-debug.log
+.env.development.local
+.env.test.local
+.env.production.local
+
+npm-debug.log*
+yarn-debug.log*
+yarn-error.log*

react-ui/package.json

@@ -2,18 +2,25 @@
   "name": "react-ui",
   "version": "0.1.0",
   "private": true,
-  "devDependencies": {
-    "react-scripts": "^1.1.0"
-  },
   "dependencies": {
-    "react": "^16.2.0",
+    "react": "^16.6.3",
-    "react-dom": "^16.2.0"
+    "react-dom": "^16.6.3",
+    "react-scripts": "2.1.1"
   },
   "scripts": {
     "start": "react-scripts start",
     "build": "react-scripts build",
-    "test": "react-scripts test --env=jsdom",
+    "test": "react-scripts test",
     "eject": "react-scripts eject"
   },
+  "eslintConfig": {
+    "extends": "react-app"
+  },
+  "browserslist": [
+    ">0.2%",
+    "not dead",
+    "not ie <= 11",
+    "not op_mini all"
+  ],
   "proxy": "http://localhost:5000"
 }

react-ui/public/index.html

@@ -1,11 +1,17 @@
-<!doctype html>
+<!DOCTYPE html>
 <html lang="en">
   <head>
     <meta charset="utf-8">
-    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
     <link rel="shortcut icon" href="%PUBLIC_URL%/favicon.ico">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
+    <meta name="theme-color" content="#000000">
     <!--
-      Notice the use of %PUBLIC_URL% in the tag above.
+      manifest.json provides metadata used when your web app is added to the
+      homescreen on Android. See https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/web-app-manifest/
+    -->
+    <link rel="manifest" href="%PUBLIC_URL%/manifest.json">
+    <!--
+      Notice the use of %PUBLIC_URL% in the tags above.
       It will be replaced with the URL of the `public` folder during the build.
       Only files inside the `public` folder can be referenced from the HTML.
 
@@ -16,6 +22,9 @@
     <title>React App</title>
   </head>
   <body>
+    <noscript>
+      You need to enable JavaScript to run this app.
+    </noscript>
     <div id="root"></div>
     <!--
       This HTML file is a template.
@@ -24,8 +33,8 @@
       You can add webfonts, meta tags, or analytics to this file.
       The build step will place the bundled scripts into the <body> tag.
 
-      To begin the development, run `npm start`.
+      To begin the development, run `npm start` or `yarn start`.
-      To create a production bundle, use `npm run build`.
+      To create a production bundle, use `npm run build` or `yarn build`.
     -->
   </body>
 </html>

react-ui/public/manifest.json

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+{
+  "short_name": "React App",
+  "name": "Create React App Sample",
+  "icons": [
+    {
+      "src": "favicon.ico",
+      "sizes": "64x64 32x32 24x24 16x16",
+      "type": "image/x-icon"
+    }
+  ],
+  "start_url": ".",
+  "display": "standalone",
+  "theme_color": "#000000",
+  "background_color": "#ffffff"
+}

react-ui/src/App.css

@@ -4,25 +4,29 @@
 
 .App-logo {
   animation: App-logo-spin infinite 20s linear;
-  height: 80px;
+  height: 40vmin;
 }
 
 .App-header {
-  background-color: #222;
+  background-color: #282c34;
-  height: 150px;
+  min-height: 100vh;
-  padding: 20px;
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  font-size: calc(10px + 2vmin);
   color: white;
 }
 
-.App-intro {
+.App-link {
-  font-size: large;
+  color: #61dafb;
-}
-
-.App a {
-  color: #f60;
 }
 
 @keyframes App-logo-spin {
-  from { transform: rotate(0deg); }
+  from {
-  to { transform: rotate(360deg); }
+    transform: rotate(0deg);
+  }
+  to {
+    transform: rotate(360deg);
+  }
 }

react-ui/src/App.js

@@ -35,21 +35,36 @@ class App extends Component {
   render() {
     return (
       <div className="App">
-        <div className="App-header">
+        <header className="App-header">
           <img src={logo} className="App-logo" alt="logo" />
-          <h2>Welcome to React</h2>
+          { process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production' ?
-        </div>
+              <p>
-        <p className="App-intro">
+                This is a production build from create-react-app.
-          {'This is '}
+              </p>
-          <a href="https://github.com/mars/heroku-cra-node">
+            : <p>
-            {'create-react-app with a custom Node/Express server'}
+                Edit <code>src/App.js</code> and save to reload.
-          </a><br/>
+              </p>
-        </p>
+          }
-        <p className="App-intro">
+          <p>{'« '}<strong>
-          {this.state.fetching
+            {this.state.fetching
-            ? 'Fetching message from API'
+              ? 'Fetching message from API'
-            : this.state.message}
+              : this.state.message}
-        </p>
+          </strong>{' »'}</p>
+          <p><a
+            className="App-link"
+            href="https://github.com/mars/heroku-cra-node"
+          >
+            React + Node deployment on Heroku
+          </a></p>
+          <p><a
+            className="App-link"
+            href="https://reactjs.org"
+            target="_blank"
+            rel="noopener noreferrer"
+          >
+            Learn React
+          </a></p>
+        </header>
       </div>
     );
   }

react-ui/src/App.test.js

@@ -5,4 +5,5 @@ import App from './App';
 it('renders without crashing', () => {
   const div = document.createElement('div');
   ReactDOM.render(<App />, div);
+  ReactDOM.unmountComponentAtNode(div);
 });

react-ui/src/index.css

@@ -1,5 +1,18 @@
 body {
   margin: 0;
   padding: 0;
-  font-family: sans-serif;
+  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Roboto", "Oxygen",
+    "Ubuntu", "Cantarell", "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue",
+    sans-serif;
+  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
+  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
+}
+
+code {
+  font-family: source-code-pro, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New",
+    monospace;
+}
+
+p + p {
+  margin-top: 0;
 }

react-ui/src/index.js

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 import React from 'react';
 import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
-import App from './App';
 import './index.css';
+import App from './App';
+import * as serviceWorker from './serviceWorker';
 
-ReactDOM.render(
+ReactDOM.render(<App />, document.getElementById('root'));
-  <App />,
+
-  document.getElementById('root')
+// If you want your app to work offline and load faster, you can change
-);
+// unregister() to register() below. Note this comes with some pitfalls.
+// Learn more about service workers: http://bit.ly/CRA-PWA
+serviceWorker.unregister();

react-ui/src/serviceWorker.js

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+// This optional code is used to register a service worker.
+// register() is not called by default.
+
+// This lets the app load faster on subsequent visits in production, and gives
+// it offline capabilities. However, it also means that developers (and users)
+// will only see deployed updates on subsequent visits to a page, after all the
+// existing tabs open on the page have been closed, since previously cached
+// resources are updated in the background.
+
+// To learn more about the benefits of this model and instructions on how to
+// opt-in, read http://bit.ly/CRA-PWA
+
+const isLocalhost = Boolean(
+  window.location.hostname === 'localhost' ||
+    // [::1] is the IPv6 localhost address.
+    window.location.hostname === '[::1]' ||
+    // 127.0.0.1/8 is considered localhost for IPv4.
+    window.location.hostname.match(
+      /^127(?:\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)){3}$/
+    )
+);
+
+export function register(config) {
+  if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production' && 'serviceWorker' in navigator) {
+    // The URL constructor is available in all browsers that support SW.
+    const publicUrl = new URL(process.env.PUBLIC_URL, window.location.href);
+    if (publicUrl.origin !== window.location.origin) {
+      // Our service worker won't work if PUBLIC_URL is on a different origin
+      // from what our page is served on. This might happen if a CDN is used to
+      // serve assets; see https://github.com/facebook/create-react-app/issues/2374
+      return;
+    }
+
+    window.addEventListener('load', () => {
+      const swUrl = `${process.env.PUBLIC_URL}/service-worker.js`;
+
+      if (isLocalhost) {
+        // This is running on localhost. Let's check if a service worker still exists or not.
+        checkValidServiceWorker(swUrl, config);
+
+        // Add some additional logging to localhost, pointing developers to the
+        // service worker/PWA documentation.
+        navigator.serviceWorker.ready.then(() => {
+          console.log(
+            'This web app is being served cache-first by a service ' +
+              'worker. To learn more, visit http://bit.ly/CRA-PWA'
+          );
+        });
+      } else {
+        // Is not localhost. Just register service worker
+        registerValidSW(swUrl, config);
+      }
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+function registerValidSW(swUrl, config) {
+  navigator.serviceWorker
+    .register(swUrl)
+    .then(registration => {
+      registration.onupdatefound = () => {
+        const installingWorker = registration.installing;
+        if (installingWorker == null) {
+          return;
+        }
+        installingWorker.onstatechange = () => {
+          if (installingWorker.state === 'installed') {
+            if (navigator.serviceWorker.controller) {
+              // At this point, the updated precached content has been fetched,
+              // but the previous service worker will still serve the older
+              // content until all client tabs are closed.
+              console.log(
+                'New content is available and will be used when all ' +
+                  'tabs for this page are closed. See http://bit.ly/CRA-PWA.'
+              );
+
+              // Execute callback
+              if (config && config.onUpdate) {
+                config.onUpdate(registration);
+              }
+            } else {
+              // At this point, everything has been precached.
+              // It's the perfect time to display a
+              // "Content is cached for offline use." message.
+              console.log('Content is cached for offline use.');
+
+              // Execute callback
+              if (config && config.onSuccess) {
+                config.onSuccess(registration);
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        };
+      };
+    })
+    .catch(error => {
+      console.error('Error during service worker registration:', error);
+    });
+}
+
+function checkValidServiceWorker(swUrl, config) {
+  // Check if the service worker can be found. If it can't reload the page.
+  fetch(swUrl)
+    .then(response => {
+      // Ensure service worker exists, and that we really are getting a JS file.
+      const contentType = response.headers.get('content-type');
+      if (
+        response.status === 404 ||
+        (contentType != null && contentType.indexOf('javascript') === -1)
+      ) {
+        // No service worker found. Probably a different app. Reload the page.
+        navigator.serviceWorker.ready.then(registration => {
+          registration.unregister().then(() => {
+            window.location.reload();
+          });
+        });
+      } else {
+        // Service worker found. Proceed as normal.
+        registerValidSW(swUrl, config);
+      }
+    })
+    .catch(() => {
+      console.log(
+        'No internet connection found. App is running in offline mode.'
+      );
+    });
+}
+
+export function unregister() {
+  if ('serviceWorker' in navigator) {
+    navigator.serviceWorker.ready.then(registration => {
+      registration.unregister();
+    });
+  }
+}

server/index.js

@@ -1,23 +1,42 @@
 const express = require('express');
 const path = require('path');
+const cluster = require('cluster');
+const numCPUs = require('os').cpus().length;
 
-const app = express();
+const isDev = process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production';
 const PORT = process.env.PORT || 5000;
 
-// Priority serve any static files.
+// Multi-process to utilize all CPU cores.
-app.use(express.static(path.resolve(__dirname, '../react-ui/build')));
+if (!isDev && cluster.isMaster) {
+  console.error(`Node cluster master ${process.pid} is running`);
 
-// Answer API requests.
+  // Fork workers.
-app.get('/api', function (req, res) {
+  for (let i = 0; i < numCPUs; i++) {
-  res.set('Content-Type', 'application/json');
+    cluster.fork();
-  res.send('{"message":"Hello from the custom server!"}');
+  }
-});
 
-// All remaining requests return the React app, so it can handle routing.
+  cluster.on('exit', (worker, code, signal) => {
-app.get('*', function(request, response) {
+    console.error(`Node cluster worker ${worker.process.pid} exited: code ${code}, signal ${signal}`);
-  response.sendFile(path.resolve(__dirname, '../react-ui/build', 'index.html'));
+  });
-});
 
-app.listen(PORT, function () {
+} else {
-  console.log(`Listening on port ${PORT}`);
+  const app = express();
-});
+
+  // Priority serve any static files.
+  app.use(express.static(path.resolve(__dirname, '../react-ui/build')));
+
+  // Answer API requests.
+  app.get('/api', function (req, res) {
+    res.set('Content-Type', 'application/json');
+    res.send('{"message":"Hello from the custom server!"}');
+  });
+
+  // All remaining requests return the React app, so it can handle routing.
+  app.get('*', function(request, response) {
+    response.sendFile(path.resolve(__dirname, '../react-ui/build', 'index.html'));
+  });
+
+  app.listen(PORT, function () {
+    console.error(`Node ${isDev ? 'dev server' : 'cluster worker '+process.pid}: listening on port ${PORT}`);
+  });
+}